Papel do Mindful Eating e Comer Intuitivo na mudança do Comer emocional e obesidade: Uma revisão narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61411/rsc202450717Palavras-chave:
Comportamento alimentar; mindful eating; comer intuitivoResumo
O comportamento alimentar é um dos fatores centrais subjacentes à obesidade, por isso, o objetivo da presente revisão de literatura é revisar a relação entre comer emocional e desenvolvimento de sobrepeso e obesidade, bem como o papel do mindful eating e comer intuitivo na mudança desse comportamento alimentar. Para a revisão bibliográfica foi realizada busca de documentos, artigos e livros nas bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct e SciELO e sites oficiais de órgãos públicos, no período de fevereiro a novembro de 2022. Constatou-se que o comer emocional é um comportamento alimentar disfuncional associado ao ganho de peso, maior IMC, sintomas depressivos e curta duração de sono. Programas convencionais de emagrecimento não lidam com o comer emocional. Mindful eating e comer intuitivo mostram-se como estratégias eficazes para atender as necessidades de comedores emocionais. Dessa forma, programas direcionados para perda de peso devem levar em consideração o comportamento alimentar individual e adotar abordagens comportamentais que ensinem habilidade de regulação emocional.
Referências
WHO. World Obesity Day 2022 – Accelerating action to stop obesity [Internet]. www.who.int. 2022. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/news/item/04-03- 2022-world-obesity-day-2022-accelerating-action-to-stop-obesity
Associação Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade da Síndrome Metabólica – ABESO. Mapa da Obesidade. São Paulo: ABESO, 2019.
Heras P, Kritikos K, Hatzopoulos A, Kritikos N, Mitsibounas D. Psychological Consequences of Obesity. The Endocrinologist. 2010 Jan;20(1):27–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/TEN.0b013e3181ca0fc0
Van Strien T. Causes of Emotional Eating and Matched Treatment of Obesity. Current Diabetes Reports [Internet]. 2018 Apr 25;18(6). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-018-1000-x
Wehling H, Lusher JM. Cognitive and Emotional Influences on Eating Behaviour: A Qualitative Perspective. Nutrition and Metabolic Insights. 2019 Jan;12:117863881985593. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1178638819855936
Cadena-Schlam L, López-Guimerà G. Intuitive eating: An emerging approach to eating behavior. [cited 2019 Mar 15].
Teixeira PJ, Carraça EV, Marques MM, Rutter H, Oppert J-M, De Bourdeaudhuij I, et al. Successful behavior change in obesity interventions in adults: a systematic review of self-regulation mediators. BMC Medicine [Internet]. 2015 Apr 16;13(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-015-0323-6
Bourdier L, Morvan Y, Kotbagi G, Kern L, Romo L, Berthoz S. Examination of emotion-induced changes in eating: A latent profile analysis of the Emotional Appetite Questionnaire. Appetite. 2018 Apr;123:72–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.11.108
Evers C, Marijn Stok F, de Ridder DT. Feeding your feelings: Emotion regulation strategies and emotional eating. Personality and social psychology bulletin. 2010 May;36(6),792-804. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167210371383
Rother ET. Revisão sistemática X revisão narrativa. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem [Internet]. 2007 Jun;20(2):v–vi DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-21002007000200001
Macht M. How emotions affect eating: A five-way model. Appetite [Internet]. 2008 Jan [cited 2019 Apr 5];50(1):1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.07.002
Faith MS, Allison DB, Geliebter A. Emotional eating and obesity: theoretical considerations and practical recommendations. 1997.
Cornelis MC, Rimm EB, Curhan GC, Kraft P, Hunter DJ, Hu FB, et al. Obesity susceptibility loci and uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and cognitive restraint behaviors in men and women. Obesity. 2013 Sep 23;22(5):E135–41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20592
Konttinen H, Männistö S, Sarlio-Lähteenkorva S, Silventoinen K, Haukkala A. Emotional eating, depressive symptoms and self-reported food consumption. A population-based study. Appetite. 2010 Jun;54(3):473–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2010.01.014
Gold PW, Chrousos GP. Organization of the stress system and its dysregulation in melancholic and atypical depression: high vs low CRH/NE states. Molecular Psychiatry [Internet]. 2002 Mar;7(3):254–75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.mp.4001032
McEwen BS. Physiology and Neurobiology of Stress and Adaptation: Central Role of the Brain. Physiological Reviews. 2007 Jul;87(3):873–904. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00041.2006
Sinha R. Role of addiction and stress neurobiology on food intake and obesity. Biological Psychology. 2018 Jan;131:5–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.05.001
Adam TC, Epel ES. Stress, eating and the reward system. Physiology & Behavior [Internet]. 2007 Jul [cited 2019 Oct 31];91(4):449–58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.04.011
Rutters F, Nieuwenhuizen AG, Lemmens SGT, Born JM, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Acute Stress-related Changes in Eating in the Absence of Hunger. Obesity. 2009 Jan;17(1):72–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2008.493
van Strien T, Roelofs K, de Weerth C. Cortisol reactivity and distress-induced emotional eating. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013 May;38(5):677–84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.08.008
Tomiyama AJ, Dallman MF, Epel ES. Comfort food is comforting to those most stressed: Evidence of the chronic stress response network in high stress women. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2011 Nov;36(10):1513–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.04.005
Gluck ME, Geliebter A, Hung J, Yahav E. Cortisol, hunger, and desire to binge eat following a cold stress test in obese women with binge eating disorder. Psychosomatic medicine. 2004 Nov;66(6), 876-881. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000143637.63508.47
Raspopow K, Abizaid A, Matheson K, Anisman H. Psychosocial stressor effects on cortisol and ghrelin in emotional and non-emotional eaters: influence of anger and shame. Hormones and Behavior [Internet]. 2010 Sep 1 [cited 2020 Jun 30];58(4):677–84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.06.003
Raspopow K, Abizaid A, Matheson K, Anisman H. Anticipation of a psychosocial stressor differentially influences ghrelin, cortisol and food intake among emotional and non-emotional eaters. Appetite. 2014 Mar;74:35–43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2013.11.018
Spoor STP, Bekker MHJ, Van Strien T, van Heck GL. Relations between negative affect, coping, and emotional eating. Appetite. 2007 May;48(3):368–76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2006.10.005
Lu Q, Tao F, Hou F, Zhang Z, Ren L. Emotion regulation, emotional eating and the energy-rich dietary pattern. A population-based study in Chinese adolescents. Appetite. 2016 Apr;99:149–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.01.011
Herman C P, Polivy J. Restraint and excess in dieters and bulimics. The psychobiology of bulimia nervosa. 1998.
Lehman AK, Rodin J. Styles of self-nurturance and disordered eating. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 1989;57(1), 117–122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006X.57.1.117
Heatherton TF, Baumeister RF. Binge eating as escape from self awareness. Psychological Bulletin.1991;110(1), 86–108. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.110.1.86
van Strien T, Peter Herman C, Verheijden MW. Eating style, overeating and weight gain. A prospective 2-year follow-up study in a representative Dutch sample. Appetite. 2012 Dec;59(3):782–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2012.08.009
Casagrande M, Boncompagni I, Forte G, Guarino A, Favieri F. Emotion and overeating behavior: effects of alexithymia and emotional regulation on overweight and obesity. Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity [Internet]. 2019 Aug 31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00767-9
Macht M, Mueller J. Immediate effects of chocolate on experimentally induced mood states. Appetite [Internet]. 2007 Nov [cited 2019 Apr 5];49(3):667–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.05.004
Haedt‐Matt AA, Keel PK, Racine SE, Burt SA, Hu JY, Boker S, Klump KL. Do emotional eating urges regulate affect? Concurrent and prospective associations and implications for risk models of binge eating. International Journal of Eating Disorders. 2014;47(8), 874-877. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22247
Devonport TJ, Nicholls W, Fullerton C. A systematic review of the association between emotions and eating behaviour in normal and overweight adult populations. Journal of Health Psychology. 2017 Mar 20;24(1):3–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105317697813
Kandiah J, Yake M, Jones J, Meyer M. Stress influences appetite and comfort food preferences in college women. Nutrition Research. 2006 Mar;26(3):118– 23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2005.11.010
Koenders PG, van Strien T. Emotional Eating, Rather Than Lifestyle Behavior, Drives Weight Gain in a Prospective Study in 1562 Employees. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2022 Nov 15];53(11):1287–93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e31823078a2
Song Y-M, Lee K, Sung J, Yang Y. Changes in eating behaviors and body weight in Koreans: The Healthy Twin Study. Nutrition. 2013 Jan;29(1):66–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2012.03.014
van Strien T, Konttinen H, Homberg JR, Engels RCME, Winkens LHH. Emotional eating as a mediator between depression and weight gain. Appetite. 2016 May;100:216–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.034
Bénard M, Bellisle F, Etilé F, Reach G, Kesse-Guyot E, Hercberg S, et al. Impulsivity and consideration of future consequences as moderators of the association between emotional eating and body weight status. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2018 Sep 6;15(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0721-1
Vittengl JR. Mediation of the bidirectional relations between obesity and depression among women. Psychiatry Research [Internet]. 2018 Jun 1 [cited 2020 Aug 5];264:254–9.
Konttinen H, van Strien T, Männistö S, Jousilahti P, Haukkala A. Depression, emotional eating and long-term weight changes: a population-based prospective study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity [Internet]. 2019 Mar 20;16(1).
Dohle S, Hartmann C, Keller C. Physical activity as a moderator of the association between emotional eating and BMI: Evidence from the Swiss Food Panel. Psychology & Health. 2014 Apr 23;29(9):1062–80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2014.909042
van Strien T, Herman CP, Verheijden MW. Eating style, overeating, and overweight in a representative Dutch sample. Does external eating play a role? Appetite. 2009 Apr;52(2):380–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.11.010
Péneau S, Ménard E, Méjean C, Bellisle F, Hercberg S. Sex and dieting modify the association between emotional eating and weight status. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2013 Apr 10;97(6):1307–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.112.054916
Ouwens MA, van Strien T, van Leeuwe JFJ. Possible pathways between depression, emotional and external eating. A structural equation model. Appetite. 2009 Oct;53(2):245–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2009.06.001
Paans NPG, Bot M, van Strien T, Brouwer IA, Visser M, Penninx BWJH. Eating styles in major depressive disorder: Results from a large-scale study. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 2018 Feb;97:38–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.11.003
Snoek HM, Engels RCME, Janssens JMAM, van Strien T. Parental behaviour and adolescents’ emotional eating. Appetite. 2007 Jul;49(1):223–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.02.004
Lazarevich I, Irigoyen Camacho ME, Velázquez-Alva M del C, Zepeda Zepeda M. Relationship among obesity, depression, and emotional eating in young adults. Appetite. 2016 Dec;107:639–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.09.011
Alexandrino-Silva C, Wang Y-P, Carmen Viana M, Bulhões RS, Martins SS, Andrade LH. Gender differences in symptomatic profiles of depression: Results from the São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2013 May;147(1-3):355–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.11.041
Wang J, Korczykowski M, Rao H, Fan Y, Pluta J, Gur RC, et al. Gender difference in neural response to psychological stress. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience [Internet]. 2007 May 24 [cited 2020 Jan 27];2(3):227–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsm018
Goldstein JM, Jerram M, Abbs B, Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Makris N. Sex Differences in Stress Response Circuitry Activation Dependent on Female Hormonal Cycle. Journal of Neuroscience. 2010 Jan 13;30(2):431–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3021-09.2010
Kogler L, Gur RC, Derntl B. Sex differences in cognitive regulation of psychosocial achievement stress: brain and behavior. Human brain mapping. 2015;36(3), 1028-1042. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.22683
Goldfarb EV, Seo D, Sinha R. Sex differences in neural stress responses and correlation with subjective stress and stress regulation. Neurobiology of Stress. 2019 Nov;11:100177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2019.100177
Luppino FS, de Wit LM, Bouvy PF, Stijnen T, Cuijpers P, Penninx BWJH, et al. Overweight, Obesity, and Depression. Archives of General Psychiatry [Internet]. 2010;67(3):220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.2
Vittengl JR. Mediation of the bidirectional relations between obesity and depression among women. Psychiatry Research [Internet]. 2018 Jun 1 [cited 2020 Aug 5];264:254–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.03.023
Konttinen H, van Strien T, Männistö S, Jousilahti P, Haukkala A. Depression, emotional eating and long-term weight changes: a population-based prospective study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity [Internet]. 2019 Mar 20;16(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0791-8
Dashti HS, Scheer FA, Jacques PF, Lamon-Fava S, Ordovás JM. Short Sleep Duration and Dietary Intake: Epidemiologic Evidence, Mechanisms, and Health Implications. Advances in Nutrition. 2015 Nov 1;6(6):648–59. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/an.115.008623
Palmer CA, Alfano CA. Sleep and emotion regulation: An organizing, integrative review. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 2017 Feb;31:6–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2015.12.006
Geiker NRW, Astrup A, Hjorth MF, Sjödin A, Pijls L, Markus CR. Does stress influence sleep patterns, food intake, weight gain, abdominal obesity and weight loss interventions and vice versa?. Obesity Reviews. 2018;19(1), 81-97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12603
van Strien T, Koenders PG. Effects of Emotional Eating and Short Sleep Duration on Weight Gain in Female Employees. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2022 Nov 15];56(6):659–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000172
Kabat-Zinn, J. Full Catastrophe Living: Using the Wisdom of your Body and Mind to Face Stress, Pain, and Illness. 1990.
Bauer-Wu S. Leaves Falling Gently: Living Fully with Serious and Life-Limiting Illness through Mindfulness, Compassion, and Connectedne [Internet]. Google Books. New Harbinger Publications; 2011 [cited 2022 Nov 15].
Framson C, Kristal AR, Schenk JM, Littman AJ, Zeliadt S, Benitez D. Development and Validation of the Mindful Eating Questionnaire. Journal of the American Dietetic Association [Internet]. 2009 Aug [cited 2020 Mar 12];109(8):1439–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2009.05.006
Dalen J, Smith BW, Shelley BM, Sloan AL, Leahigh L, Begay D. Pilot study: Mindful Eating and Living (MEAL): Weight, eating behavior, and psychological outcomes associated with a mindfulness-based intervention for people with obesity. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2010 Dec;18(6):260–4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2010.09.008
Warren JM, Smith N, Ashwell M. A structured literature review on the role of mindfulness, mindful eating and intuitive eating in changing eating behaviours: effectiveness and associated potential mechanisms. Nutrition Research Reviews. 2017 Jul 18;30(2):272–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422417000154
Tribole, E., & Resch, E. Intuitive eating: A revolutionary program that works . New York: St. 2012.
Mathieu J. What Should You Know about Mindful and Intuitive Eating? Journal of the American Dietetic Association [Internet]. 2009 Dec;109(12):1982–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2009.10.023
Kristeller JL, Wolever RQ. Mindfulness-Based Eating Awareness Training for Treating Binge Eating Disorder: The Conceptual Foundation. Eating Disorders. 2010 Dec 28;19(1):49–61.] DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2011.533605
Mason AE, Epel ES, Kristeller J, Moran PJ, Dallman M, Lustig RH, et al. Effects of a mindfulness-based intervention on mindful eating, sweets consumption, and fasting glucose levels in obese adults: data from the SHINE randomized controlled trial. Journal of Behavioral Medicine [Internet]. 2016 Apr 1;39(2):201–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-015-9692-8
Shapiro SL, Oman D, Thoresen CE, Plante TG, Flinders T. (2008). Cultivating mindfulness: effects on well‐being. Journal of clinical psychology. 2008 May 16;64(7), 840-862. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20491
Schonert-Reichl KA, Lawlor MS. The Effects of a Mindfulness-Based Education Program on Pre- and Early Adolescents’ Well-Being and Social and Emotional Competence. Mindfulness. 2010 May 27;1(3):137–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-010-0011-8
Siegel DJ. The mindful therapist: A clinician's guide to mindsight and neural integration. 2010.
Frayn M, Knäuper B. Emotional Eating and Weight in Adults: a Review. Key Topics in Health, Nature, and Behavior. 2022;1–10.
Levin ME, Dalrymple K, Himes S, Zimmerman M. Which facets of mindfulness are related to problematic eating among patients seeking bariatric surgery? Eating Behaviors. 2014 Apr;15(2):298–305. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.03.012
O’Reilly GA, Cook L, Spruijt-Metz D, Black DS. Mindfulness-based interventions for obesity-related eating behaviours: a literature review. Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity [Internet]. 2014;15(6):453–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12156
Katterman SN, Kleinman BM, Hood MM, Nackers LM, Corsica JA. Mindfulness meditation as an intervention for binge eating, emotional eating, and weight loss: a systematic review. Eating behaviors [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2019 Jan 30];15(2):197–204. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.01.005
Schnepper R, Richard A, Wilhelm FH, Blechert J. A combined mindfulness– prolonged chewing intervention reduces body weight, food craving, and emotional eating. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology. 2019;87(1), 106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000361
Daubenmier J, Kristeller J, Hecht FM, Maninger N, Kuwata M, Jhaveri K, et al. Mindfulness Intervention for Stress Eating to Reduce Cortisol and Abdominal Fat among Overweight and Obese Women: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Study [Internet]. Journal of Obesity. 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/651936
Corsica J, Hood MM, Katterman S, Kleinman B, Ivan I. Development of a novel mindfulness and cognitive behavioral intervention for stress-eating: A comparative pilot study. Eating Behaviors. 2014 Dec;15(4):694–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.08.002
Monroe JT. Mindful eating: principles and practice. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. 2015 Feb 18;9(3), 217-220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827615569682
Kratina, K. Health at every size: Clinical applications. Healthy weight journal. 2003.
Denny KN, Loth K, Eisenberg ME, Neumark-Sztainer D. Intuitive eating in young adults. Who is doing it, and how is it related to disordered eating behaviors? Appetite. 2013 Jan;60:13–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2012.09.029
Camilleri GM, Méjean C, Bellisle F, Andreeva VA, Kesse-Guyot E, Hercberg S, et al. Intuitive eating is inversely associated with body weight status in the general population-based NutriNet-Santé study. Obesity. 2016 Mar 17;24(5):1154–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21440
Ruzanska UA, Warschburger P. Psychometric evaluation of the German version of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 in a community sample. Appetite. 2017 Oct;117:126–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.06.018
Tylka TL, Calogero RM, Daníelsdóttir S. Is intuitive eating the same as flexible dietary control? Their links to each other and well-being could provide an answer. Appetite. 2015 Dec;95:166–75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.07.004
Webb JB, Hardin AS. An integrative affect regulation process model of internalized weight bias and intuitive eating in college women. Appetite. 2016 Jul;102:60–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.024
Homan KJ, Tylka TL. Development and exploration of the gratitude model of body appreciation in women. Body Image. 2018 Jun;25:14–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.01.008
Schaefer JT, Magnuson AB. A Review of Interventions that Promote Eating by Internal Cues. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2014 May;114(5):734–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2013.12.024
Van Dyke N, Drinkwater EJ. Review Article Relationships between intuitive eating and health indicators: literature review. Public Health Nutrition. 2013 Aug 21;17(8):1757–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980013002139
Boucher S, Edwards O, Gray A, Nada-Raja S, Lillis J, Tylka TL, et al. Teaching Intuitive Eating and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Skills Via a Web Based Intervention: A Pilot Single-Arm Intervention Study. JMIR Research Protocols. 2016 Oct 14;5(4):e180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/resprot.5861
Cole RE, Meyer SA, Newman TJ, Kieffer AJ, Wax SG, Stote K, et al. The My Body Knows When Program Increased Intuitive Eating Characteristics in a Military Population. Military Medicine. 2019 Jan 23;184(7-8):e200–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usy403
Camilleri GM, Méjean C, Bellisle F, Andreeva VA, Kesse-Guyot E, Hercberg S, et al. Intuitive Eating Dimensions Were Differently Associated with Food Intake in the General Population–Based NutriNet-Santé Study. The Journal of Nutrition. 2016 Oct 26;147(1):61–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.234088
Bacon L, Stern JS, Loan MDV, Keim NL. Size Acceptance and Intuitive Eating Improve Health for Obese, Female Chronic Dieters. Journal of the American Dietetic Association [Internet]. 2005 Jun 1;105(6):929–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2005.03.011
Publicado
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Sociedade Científica
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
